Identify swarming events - Revision history

KristinaG at 08:21, 12 December 2018

2018-12-12T08:21:41Z

KristinaG at 15:38, 10 December 2018

2018-12-10T15:38:49Z

KristinaG at 07:55, 21 November 2018

2018-11-21T07:55:38Z

KristinaG at 15:10, 19 November 2018

2018-11-19T15:10:32Z

KristinaG at 10:46, 5 June 2018

2018-06-05T10:46:59Z

KristinaG at 11:23, 23 May 2018

2018-05-23T11:23:27Z

KristinaG: Created page with "During a study conducted by Ferrari and colleagues (2008), an '''in-hive sound recording''' (microphone) of 270 h revealed, that the sound characteristics and temperature chan..."

2018-05-23T09:37:14Z

Created page with "During a study conducted by Ferrari and colleagues (2008), an '''in-hive sound recording''' (microphone) of 270 h revealed, that the sound characteristics and temperature chan..."

New page

During a study conducted by Ferrari and colleagues (2008), an '''in-hive sound recording''' (microphone) of 270 h revealed, that the sound characteristics and temperature change at swarming events. While the '''frequency''' content '''increased''' from a range of 100-300 Hz to 500-600 Hz, the '''temperature drops''' from 35 °C to 33 °C. <ref>Ferrari, S., Silva, M., Guarino, M., & Berckmans, D. (2008). Monitoring of swarming sounds in bee hives for early detection of the swarming period. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 64(1), 72–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2008.05.010</ref> Bencsik and colleagues (2011) used '''accelerometers''' and its vibrational amplitudes to explore the swarming behavior of ''A. mellifera'' resulting in a '''correlation of data with occured swarming events'''. For further improvement of the study setup, they suggest to combine the used methods with a '''weather monitoring logging device''' and to use a pattern recognition algorithm that is more complex than the cross-correlation function used for their study. <ref>Bencsik, M., Bencsik, J., Baxter, M., Lucian, A., Romieu, J., & Millet, M. (2011). Identification of the honey bee swarming process by analysing the time course of hive vibrations. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 76(1), 44–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2011.01.004
</ref> In several other studies, microphones were used to sample audiodata, but Bencsik et al. suggest to not use them because of possible bias due to transient signals from passing bees and unwanted external noises and they also do not believe in a long-term monitoring with microphones. Another useful information to predict swarming events and to assess honey bee health problems is gaining knowledge about the particular '''brood cycle'''. In a further study by Bencsik et al. in 2015 a '''correlation between vibrational amplitude data and the brood cycle''' in the vicinity of the sensor was found. They further suggest, that the process of brood cycle monitoring could be conducted with only one hour measurements during the night. <ref>Bencsik, M., Le Conte, Y., Reyes, M., Pioz, M., Whittaker, D., Crauser, D., … Newton, M. I. (2015). Honeybee Colony Vibrational Measurements to Highlight the Brood Cycle. PloS One, 10(11), e0141926. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141926
</ref>

==References==
<references/>

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:21, 12 December 2018
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	Bees produce specific sound patterns. <ref>Zaecepins, A., Kviesis, A., Ahrendt, P., Richter, U., Tekin, S., & Durgun, M. (Hg.) (2016). Beekeeping in the future–smart apiary management. 17th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC). Pubslished online, URL (access date: 21.11.2018): http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=7496447</ref> During a study conducted by Ferrari and colleagues (2008), an '''in-hive sound recording''' (microphone) of 270 h revealed, that the sound characteristics and temperature change at swarming events. While the '''sound ~~intensity~~''' '''increased''' from a range of 100-300 Hz to 500-600 Hz, the '''temperature drops''' from 35 °C to 33 °C. <ref>Ferrari, S., Silva, M., Guarino, M., & Berckmans, D. (2008). Monitoring of swarming sounds in bee hives for early detection of the swarming period. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 64(1), 72–77.</ref> In comparison, Seeley and Tautz (2001) observed that certain workers start to emit short whistling tones with a rising frequency of 100-200 Hz to about 200-250 Hz about 1 hour prior reproductive '''[[Hive Management\|swarming occurs]]'''. They further indicated, that this tone causes other bees to prepare for departure by warming up their flight muscles. <ref>Seeley, T. D., Tautz, J. (2001). Worker piping in honey bee swarms and its role in preparing for liftoff. Journal of Comparative Physiology A: Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology, 187(8), 667–676.</ref> Bencsik and colleagues (2011) used '''accelerometers''' and its vibrational amplitudes to explore the swarming behavior of ''A. mellifera'' resulting in a '''correlation of data with occurred swarming events'''. For further improvement of the study setup, they suggest to combine the used methods with a '''[[climate\|weather monitoring]]''' '''logging device''' and to use a pattern recognition algorithm that is more complex than the cross-correlation function used for their study. <ref>Bencsik, M., Bencsik, J., Baxter, M., Lucian, A., Romieu, J., & Millet, M. (2011). Identification of the honey bee swarming process by analysing the time course of hive vibrations. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 76(1), 44–50.</ref> Another useful information to predict swarming events and to assess '''[[Honey bee health (Overview)\|honey bee health]]''' problems is gaining knowledge about the particular '''brood cycle'''. In a further study by Bencsik et al. in 2015, a '''correlation between vibrational amplitude data and the brood cycle''' in a close range of the sensor was found. They further suggest, that the process of brood cycle monitoring could be conducted with only one hour measurements during the night. <ref>Bencsik, M., Le Conte, Y., Reyes, M., Pioz, M., Whittaker, D., Crauser, D., …, & Newton, M. I. (2015). Honeybee Colony Vibrational Measurements to Highlight the Brood Cycle. PloS One, 10(11), e0141926.</ref>	+	Bees produce specific sound patterns. <ref>Zaecepins, A., Kviesis, A., Ahrendt, P., Richter, U., Tekin, S., & Durgun, M. (Hg.) (2016). Beekeeping in the future–smart apiary management. 17th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC). Pubslished online, URL (access date: 21.11.2018): http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=7496447</ref> During a study conducted by Ferrari and colleagues (2008), an '''in-hive sound recording''' (microphone) of 270 h revealed, that the sound characteristics and temperature change at swarming events. While the '''sound frequency''' '''increased''' from a range of 100-300 Hz to 500-600 Hz, the '''temperature drops''' from 35 °C to 33 °C. <ref>Ferrari, S., Silva, M., Guarino, M., & Berckmans, D. (2008). Monitoring of swarming sounds in bee hives for early detection of the swarming period. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 64(1), 72–77.</ref> In comparison, Seeley and Tautz (2001) observed that certain workers start to emit short whistling tones with a rising frequency of 100-200 Hz to about 200-250 Hz about 1 hour prior reproductive '''[[Hive Management\|swarming occurs]]'''. They further indicated, that this tone causes other bees to prepare for departure by warming up their flight muscles. <ref>Seeley, T. D., Tautz, J. (2001). Worker piping in honey bee swarms and its role in preparing for liftoff. Journal of Comparative Physiology A: Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology, 187(8), 667–676.</ref> Bencsik and colleagues (2011) used '''accelerometers''' and its vibrational amplitudes to explore the swarming behavior of ''A. mellifera'' resulting in a '''correlation of data with occurred swarming events'''. For further improvement of the study setup, they suggest to combine the used methods with a '''[[climate\|weather monitoring]]''' '''logging device''' and to use a pattern recognition algorithm that is more complex than the cross-correlation function used for their study. <ref>Bencsik, M., Bencsik, J., Baxter, M., Lucian, A., Romieu, J., & Millet, M. (2011). Identification of the honey bee swarming process by analysing the time course of hive vibrations. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 76(1), 44–50.</ref> Another useful information to predict swarming events and to assess '''[[Honey bee health (Overview)\|honey bee health]]''' problems is gaining knowledge about the particular '''brood cycle'''. In a further study by Bencsik et al. in 2015, a '''correlation between vibrational amplitude data and the brood cycle''' in a close range of the sensor was found. They further suggest, that the process of brood cycle monitoring could be conducted with only one hour measurements during the night. <ref>Bencsik, M., Le Conte, Y., Reyes, M., Pioz, M., Whittaker, D., Crauser, D., …, & Newton, M. I. (2015). Honeybee Colony Vibrational Measurements to Highlight the Brood Cycle. PloS One, 10(11), e0141926.</ref>

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:38, 10 December 2018
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	Bees produce specific sound patterns. <ref>Zaecepins, A., Kviesis, A., Ahrendt, P., Richter, U., Tekin, S., & Durgun, M. (Hg.) (2016). Beekeeping in the future–smart apiary management. 17th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC). Pubslished online, URL (access date: 21.11.2018): http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=7496447</ref> During a study conducted by Ferrari and colleagues (2008), an '''in-hive sound recording''' (microphone) of 270 h revealed, that the sound characteristics and temperature change at swarming events. While the '''sound intensity''' '''increased''' from a range of 100-300 Hz to 500-600 Hz, the '''temperature drops''' from 35 °C to 33 °C. <ref>Ferrari, S., Silva, M., Guarino, M., & Berckmans, D. (2008). Monitoring of swarming sounds in bee hives for early detection of the swarming period. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 64(1), 72–77.</ref> In comparison, Seeley and Tautz (2001) observed that certain workers start to emit short whistling tones with a rising frequency of 100-200 Hz to about 200-250 Hz about 1 hour prior reproductive swarming occurs. They further indicated, that this tone causes other bees to prepare for departure by warming up their flight muscles. <ref>Seeley, T. D., Tautz, J. (2001). Worker piping in honey bee swarms and its role in preparing for liftoff. Journal of Comparative Physiology A: Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology, 187(8), 667–676.</ref> Bencsik and colleagues (2011) used '''accelerometers''' and its vibrational amplitudes to explore the swarming behavior of ''A. mellifera'' resulting in a '''correlation of data with ~~occured~~ swarming events'''. For further improvement of the study setup, they suggest to combine the used methods with a '''weather monitoring logging device''' and to use a pattern recognition algorithm that is more complex than the cross-correlation function used for their study. <ref>Bencsik, M., Bencsik, J., Baxter, M., Lucian, A., Romieu, J., & Millet, M. (2011). Identification of the honey bee swarming process by analysing the time course of hive vibrations. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 76(1), 44–50.</ref> Another useful information to predict swarming events and to assess honey bee health problems is gaining knowledge about the particular '''brood cycle'''. In a further study by Bencsik et al. in 2015, a '''correlation between vibrational amplitude data and the brood cycle''' in a close range of the sensor was found. They further suggest, that the process of brood cycle monitoring could be conducted with only one hour measurements during the night. <ref>Bencsik, M., Le Conte, Y., Reyes, M., Pioz, M., Whittaker, D., Crauser, D., … Newton, M. I. (2015). Honeybee Colony Vibrational Measurements to Highlight the Brood Cycle. PloS One, 10(11), e0141926.</ref>	+	Bees produce specific sound patterns. <ref>Zaecepins, A., Kviesis, A., Ahrendt, P., Richter, U., Tekin, S., & Durgun, M. (Hg.) (2016). Beekeeping in the future–smart apiary management. 17th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC). Pubslished online, URL (access date: 21.11.2018): http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=7496447</ref> During a study conducted by Ferrari and colleagues (2008), an '''in-hive sound recording''' (microphone) of 270 h revealed, that the sound characteristics and temperature change at swarming events. While the '''sound intensity''' '''increased''' from a range of 100-300 Hz to 500-600 Hz, the '''temperature drops''' from 35 °C to 33 °C. <ref>Ferrari, S., Silva, M., Guarino, M., & Berckmans, D. (2008). Monitoring of swarming sounds in bee hives for early detection of the swarming period. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 64(1), 72–77.</ref> In comparison, Seeley and Tautz (2001) observed that certain workers start to emit short whistling tones with a rising frequency of 100-200 Hz to about 200-250 Hz about 1 hour prior reproductive '''[[Hive Management\|swarming occurs]]'''. They further indicated, that this tone causes other bees to prepare for departure by warming up their flight muscles. <ref>Seeley, T. D., Tautz, J. (2001). Worker piping in honey bee swarms and its role in preparing for liftoff. Journal of Comparative Physiology A: Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology, 187(8), 667–676.</ref> Bencsik and colleagues (2011) used '''accelerometers''' and its vibrational amplitudes to explore the swarming behavior of ''A. mellifera'' resulting in a '''correlation of data with occurred swarming events'''. For further improvement of the study setup, they suggest to combine the used methods with a '''[[climate\|weather monitoring]]''' '''logging device''' and to use a pattern recognition algorithm that is more complex than the cross-correlation function used for their study. <ref>Bencsik, M., Bencsik, J., Baxter, M., Lucian, A., Romieu, J., & Millet, M. (2011). Identification of the honey bee swarming process by analysing the time course of hive vibrations. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 76(1), 44–50.</ref> Another useful information to predict swarming events and to assess '''[[Honey bee health (Overview)\|honey bee health]]''' problems is gaining knowledge about the particular '''brood cycle'''. In a further study by Bencsik et al. in 2015, a '''correlation between vibrational amplitude data and the brood cycle''' in a close range of the sensor was found. They further suggest, that the process of brood cycle monitoring could be conducted with only one hour measurements during the night. <ref>Bencsik, M., Le Conte, Y., Reyes, M., Pioz, M., Whittaker, D., Crauser, D., …, & Newton, M. I. (2015). Honeybee Colony Vibrational Measurements to Highlight the Brood Cycle. PloS One, 10(11), e0141926.</ref>

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:55, 21 November 2018
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	During a study conducted by Ferrari and colleagues (2008), an '''in-hive sound recording''' (microphone) of 270 h revealed, that the sound characteristics and temperature change at swarming events. While the '''sound intensity''' '''increased''' from a range of 100-300 Hz to 500-600 Hz, the '''temperature drops''' from 35 °C to 33 °C. <ref>Ferrari, S., Silva, M., Guarino, M., & Berckmans, D. (2008). Monitoring of swarming sounds in bee hives for early detection of the swarming period. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 64(1), 72–77.</ref> Bencsik and colleagues (2011) used '''accelerometers''' and its vibrational amplitudes to explore the swarming behavior of ''A. mellifera'' resulting in a '''correlation of data with occured swarming events'''. For further improvement of the study setup, they suggest to combine the used methods with a '''weather monitoring logging device''' and to use a pattern recognition algorithm that is more complex than the cross-correlation function used for their study. <ref>Bencsik, M., Bencsik, J., Baxter, M., Lucian, A., Romieu, J., & Millet, M. (2011). Identification of the honey bee swarming process by analysing the time course of hive vibrations. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 76(1), 44–50.</ref> In several other studies, microphones were used to sample audiodata, but Bencsik et al. suggest to not use them because of possible bias due to transient signals from passing bees and unwanted external noises and they also do not believe in a long-term monitoring with microphones. Another useful information to predict swarming events and to assess honey bee health problems is gaining knowledge about the particular '''brood cycle'''. In a further study by Bencsik et al. in 2015, a '''correlation between vibrational amplitude data and the brood cycle''' in a close range of the sensor was found. They further suggest, that the process of brood cycle monitoring could be conducted with only one hour measurements during the night. <ref>Bencsik, M., Le Conte, Y., Reyes, M., Pioz, M., Whittaker, D., Crauser, D., … Newton, M. I. (2015). Honeybee Colony Vibrational Measurements to Highlight the Brood Cycle. PloS One, 10(11), e0141926.</ref>	+	Bees produce specific sound patterns. <ref>Zaecepins, A., Kviesis, A., Ahrendt, P., Richter, U., Tekin, S., & Durgun, M. (Hg.) (2016). Beekeeping in the future–smart apiary management. 17th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC). Pubslished online, URL (access date: 21.11.2018): http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=7496447</ref> During a study conducted by Ferrari and colleagues (2008), an '''in-hive sound recording''' (microphone) of 270 h revealed, that the sound characteristics and temperature change at swarming events. While the '''sound intensity''' '''increased''' from a range of 100-300 Hz to 500-600 Hz, the '''temperature drops''' from 35 °C to 33 °C. <ref>Ferrari, S., Silva, M., Guarino, M., & Berckmans, D. (2008). Monitoring of swarming sounds in bee hives for early detection of the swarming period. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 64(1), 72–77.</ref> In comparison, Seeley and Tautz (2001) observed that certain workers start to emit short whistling tones with a rising frequency of 100-200 Hz to about 200-250 Hz about 1 hour prior reproductive swarming occurs. They further indicated, that this tone causes other bees to prepare for departure by warming up their flight muscles. <ref>Seeley, T. D., Tautz, J. (2001). Worker piping in honey bee swarms and its role in preparing for liftoff. Journal of Comparative Physiology A: Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology, 187(8), 667–676.</ref> Bencsik and colleagues (2011) used '''accelerometers''' and its vibrational amplitudes to explore the swarming behavior of ''A. mellifera'' resulting in a '''correlation of data with occured swarming events'''. For further improvement of the study setup, they suggest to combine the used methods with a '''weather monitoring logging device''' and to use a pattern recognition algorithm that is more complex than the cross-correlation function used for their study. <ref>Bencsik, M., Bencsik, J., Baxter, M., Lucian, A., Romieu, J., & Millet, M. (2011). Identification of the honey bee swarming process by analysing the time course of hive vibrations. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 76(1), 44–50.</ref> Another useful information to predict swarming events and to assess honey bee health problems is gaining knowledge about the particular '''brood cycle'''. In a further study by Bencsik et al. in 2015, a '''correlation between vibrational amplitude data and the brood cycle''' in a close range of the sensor was found. They further suggest, that the process of brood cycle monitoring could be conducted with only one hour measurements during the night. <ref>Bencsik, M., Le Conte, Y., Reyes, M., Pioz, M., Whittaker, D., Crauser, D., … Newton, M. I. (2015). Honeybee Colony Vibrational Measurements to Highlight the Brood Cycle. PloS One, 10(11), e0141926.</ref>

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:10, 19 November 2018
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	During a study conducted by Ferrari and colleagues (2008), an '''in-hive sound recording''' (microphone) of 270 h revealed, that the sound characteristics and temperature change at swarming events. While the '''sound intensity''' '''increased''' from a range of 100-300 Hz to 500-600 Hz, the '''temperature drops''' from 35 °C to 33 °C. <ref>Ferrari, S., Silva, M., Guarino, M., & Berckmans, D. (2008). Monitoring of swarming sounds in bee hives for early detection of the swarming period. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 64(1), 72–77. ~~https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2008.05.010~~</ref> Bencsik and colleagues (2011) used '''accelerometers''' and its vibrational amplitudes to explore the swarming behavior of ''A. mellifera'' resulting in a '''correlation of data with occured swarming events'''. For further improvement of the study setup, they suggest to combine the used methods with a '''weather monitoring logging device''' and to use a pattern recognition algorithm that is more complex than the cross-correlation function used for their study. <ref>Bencsik, M., Bencsik, J., Baxter, M., Lucian, A., Romieu, J., & Millet, M. (2011). Identification of the honey bee swarming process by analysing the time course of hive vibrations. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 76(1), 44–50. ~~https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2011.01.004~~	+	During a study conducted by Ferrari and colleagues (2008), an '''in-hive sound recording''' (microphone) of 270 h revealed, that the sound characteristics and temperature change at swarming events. While the '''sound intensity''' '''increased''' from a range of 100-300 Hz to 500-600 Hz, the '''temperature drops''' from 35 °C to 33 °C. <ref>Ferrari, S., Silva, M., Guarino, M., & Berckmans, D. (2008). Monitoring of swarming sounds in bee hives for early detection of the swarming period. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 64(1), 72–77.</ref> Bencsik and colleagues (2011) used '''accelerometers''' and its vibrational amplitudes to explore the swarming behavior of ''A. mellifera'' resulting in a '''correlation of data with occured swarming events'''. For further improvement of the study setup, they suggest to combine the used methods with a '''weather monitoring logging device''' and to use a pattern recognition algorithm that is more complex than the cross-correlation function used for their study. <ref>Bencsik, M., Bencsik, J., Baxter, M., Lucian, A., Romieu, J., & Millet, M. (2011). Identification of the honey bee swarming process by analysing the time course of hive vibrations. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 76(1), 44–50.</ref> In several other studies, microphones were used to sample audiodata, but Bencsik et al. suggest to not use them because of possible bias due to transient signals from passing bees and unwanted external noises and they also do not believe in a long-term monitoring with microphones. Another useful information to predict swarming events and to assess honey bee health problems is gaining knowledge about the particular '''brood cycle'''. In a further study by Bencsik et al. in 2015, a '''correlation between vibrational amplitude data and the brood cycle''' in a close range of the sensor was found. They further suggest, that the process of brood cycle monitoring could be conducted with only one hour measurements during the night. <ref>Bencsik, M., Le Conte, Y., Reyes, M., Pioz, M., Whittaker, D., Crauser, D., … Newton, M. I. (2015). Honeybee Colony Vibrational Measurements to Highlight the Brood Cycle. PloS One, 10(11), e0141926.</ref>
−	</ref> In several other studies, microphones were used to sample audiodata, but Bencsik et al. suggest to not use them because of possible bias due to transient signals from passing bees and unwanted external noises and they also do not believe in a long-term monitoring with microphones. Another useful information to predict swarming events and to assess honey bee health problems is gaining knowledge about the particular '''brood cycle'''. In a further study by Bencsik et al. in 2015, a '''correlation between vibrational amplitude data and the brood cycle''' in a close range of the sensor was found. They further suggest, that the process of brood cycle monitoring could be conducted with only one hour measurements during the night. <ref>Bencsik, M., Le Conte, Y., Reyes, M., Pioz, M., Whittaker, D., Crauser, D., … Newton, M. I. (2015). Honeybee Colony Vibrational Measurements to Highlight the Brood Cycle. PloS One, 10(11), e0141926. ~~https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141926~~
−	</ref>

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 During a study conducted by Ferrari and colleagues (2008), an '''in-hive sound recording''' (microphone) of 270 h revealed, that the sound characteristics and temperature change at swarming events. While the '''sound intensity''' '''increased''' from a range of 100-300 Hz to 500-600 Hz, the '''temperature drops''' from 35 °C to 33 °C. <ref>Ferrari, S., Silva, M., Guarino, M., & Berckmans, D. (2008). Monitoring of swarming sounds in bee hives for early detection of the swarming period. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 64(1), 72–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2008.05.010</ref> Bencsik and colleagues (2011) used '''accelerometers''' and its vibrational amplitudes to explore the swarming behavior of ''A. mellifera'' resulting in a '''correlation of data with occured swarming events'''. For further improvement of the study setup, they suggest to combine the used methods with a '''weather monitoring logging device''' and to use a pattern recognition algorithm that is more complex than the cross-correlation function used for their study. <ref>Bencsik, M., Bencsik, J., Baxter, M., Lucian, A., Romieu, J., & Millet, M. (2011). Identification of the honey bee swarming process by analysing the time course of hive vibrations. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 76(1), 44–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2011.01.004
-</ref>  In several other studies, microphones were used to sample audiodata, but Bencsik et al. suggest to not use them because of possible bias due to transient signals from passing bees and unwanted external noises and they also do not believe in a long-term monitoring with microphones. Another useful information to predict swarming events and to assess honey bee health problems is gaining knowledge about the particular '''brood cycle'''. In a further study by Bencsik et al. in 2015 a '''correlation between vibrational amplitude data and the brood cycle''' in the vicinity of the sensor was found. They further suggest, that the process of brood cycle monitoring could be conducted with only one hour measurements during the night.  <ref>Bencsik, M., Le Conte, Y., Reyes, M., Pioz, M., Whittaker, D., Crauser, D., … Newton, M. I. (2015). Honeybee Colony Vibrational Measurements to Highlight the Brood Cycle. PloS One, 10(11), e0141926. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141926
+</ref>  In several other studies, microphones were used to sample audiodata, but Bencsik et al. suggest to not use them because of possible bias due to transient signals from passing bees and unwanted external noises and they also do not believe in a long-term monitoring with microphones. Another useful information to predict swarming events and to assess honey bee health problems is gaining knowledge about the particular '''brood cycle'''. In a further study by Bencsik et al. in 2015, a '''correlation between vibrational amplitude data and the brood cycle''' in a close range of the sensor was found. They further suggest, that the process of brood cycle monitoring could be conducted with only one hour measurements during the night.  <ref>Bencsik, M., Le Conte, Y., Reyes, M., Pioz, M., Whittaker, D., Crauser, D., … Newton, M. I. (2015). Honeybee Colony Vibrational Measurements to Highlight the Brood Cycle. PloS One, 10(11), e0141926. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141926
 </ref>