Difference between revisions of "Chalkbrood"

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'''Ethiopia:''' ''A. apis'' is present and its geographical distribution and infestation rate is unequal within Ethiopia. Desalegn (2006) surveyed apiaries around Holetta and found that chalkbrood occured in 17.4% of inspected honey bee colonies. <ref>Desalegn, B. R. (2006). Chalk Brood in Ethiopia. Bees for Development Journal, 78, 8.</ref> Unfortunately, no further information is available on chalkbrood disease in Ethiopia (e.g. treatment options, distribution pattern, severity, ...). <ref>Haylegebriel, T. (2014). Honey bee diseases, pest and their economic importance in Ethiopia. International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, 10(2), 527-535.</ref> <ref>Pirk, C. W. W., Strauss, U., Yusuf, A. A., Démares, F., & Human, H. (2015). Honeybee health in Africa—a review. Apidologie, 47(3), 276–300. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13592-015-0406-6</ref>
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'''Ethiopia:''' ''A. apis'' is present and its geographical distribution and infestation rate is unequal within Ethiopia. Desalegn (2006) surveyed apiaries around Holetta and found that chalkbrood occurred in 17.4% of inspected honey bee colonies. <ref>Desalegn, B. R. (2006). Chalk Brood in Ethiopia. Bees for Development Journal, 78, 8.</ref> Unfortunately, no further information is available on chalkbrood disease in Ethiopia (e.g. treatment options, distribution pattern, severity, ...). <ref>Haylegebriel, T. (2014). Honey bee diseases, pest and their economic importance in Ethiopia. International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, 10(2), 527-535.</ref> <ref>Pirk, C. W. W., Strauss, U., Yusuf, A. A., Démares, F., & Human, H. (2015). Honeybee health in Africa—a review. Apidologie, 47(3), 276–300. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13592-015-0406-6</ref>
  
  

Revision as of 11:55, 14 June 2018

Ascosphaera apis (Onygenales; Ascosphaeraceae) is known to be a heterothallic fungi and the causative agent of the chalkbrood disease. Germinated spores in the intestinal tract of the brood lead to a mummification of the host. If untreated, the pathogen causes death of infected brood due to enzymatic toxicological and mechanical damage. [1] [2]


Ethiopia: A. apis is present and its geographical distribution and infestation rate is unequal within Ethiopia. Desalegn (2006) surveyed apiaries around Holetta and found that chalkbrood occurred in 17.4% of inspected honey bee colonies. [3] Unfortunately, no further information is available on chalkbrood disease in Ethiopia (e.g. treatment options, distribution pattern, severity, ...). [4] [5]


Indonesia: No information is available on chalkbrood disease in Indonesia!


References

  1. ↑ Morse, R. A., & Nowogrodzki, R. (1990). Honey Bee Pests, Predators, and Diseases (2nd edition). Comstock Publishing Associates, USA.
  2. ↑ Mumoki, F. N., Fombong, A., Muli, E., Muigai, A. W. T., & Masiga, D. (2014). An Inventory of Documented Diseases of African Honeybees. African Entomology, 22(3), 473–487. https://doi.org/10.4001/003.022.0313
  3. ↑ Desalegn, B. R. (2006). Chalk Brood in Ethiopia. Bees for Development Journal, 78, 8.
  4. ↑ Haylegebriel, T. (2014). Honey bee diseases, pest and their economic importance in Ethiopia. International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, 10(2), 527-535.
  5. ↑ Pirk, C. W. W., Strauss, U., Yusuf, A. A., Démares, F., & Human, H. (2015). Honeybee health in Africa—a review. Apidologie, 47(3), 276–300. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13592-015-0406-6
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